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What action does the application of cold treatments have on the body?

8. What action does the application of heat treatments have on the body?
9. Name five types of wounds
Chapter Review
Short Answer
1. Identify five medical conditions for which a patient should wear an identification symbol.
2. Name the three types of visible bleeding and the characteristics of each.
3. List the eight symptoms or stages that might occur with a seizure.
4. List at least seven symptoms of a heart attack.
5. What are the symptoms of internal bleeding, and how is it initially and eventually treated?
6. Describe the purpose of an AED and its capabilities
.
7. Explain instances when obstructive airway can occur in adults and children.
8. List at least 10 supplies that can be found on a crash cart.
9. Compare and contrast the symptoms of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia.

1 answer

Certainly! Here are the answers to your questions:

8. What action does the application of heat treatments have on the body?

Heat treatments can increase blood flow to the area, promote relaxation of muscles, alleviate pain, and help with the healing process by improving flexibility. It can also help in the reduction of stiffness in joints and tissues. However, it's essential to be cautious, as prolonged exposure to heat can lead to burns or exacerbate certain conditions.

9. Name five types of wounds.

  1. Abrasion: A scrape or friction wound that removes the top layer of skin.
  2. Laceration: A tear or cut in the skin, usually caused by sharp objects.
  3. Puncture: A wound caused by a pointed object penetrating the skin.
  4. Contusion: A bruise resulting from a blunt force that damages capillaries and tissues.
  5. Avulsion: A wound in which a body structure is forcibly detached or torn away.

Chapter Review - Short Answer

  1. Identify five medical conditions for which a patient should wear an identification symbol:

    • Diabetes
    • Epilepsy
    • Severe allergies (e.g., to peanuts, bee stings)
    • Heart conditions (e.g., pacemakers)
    • Blood-thinning medications (e.g., warfarin)

  2. Name the three types of visible bleeding and the characteristics of each:

    • Arterial Bleeding: Bright red blood that spurts with each heartbeat, indicating bleeding from an artery.
    • Venous Bleeding: Dark red blood that flows steadily, indicating bleeding from a vein.
    • Capillary Bleeding: Slow, oozing blood that is usually bright red, indicating bleeding from small capillaries.

  3. List the eight symptoms or stages that might occur with a seizure:

    • Aura (pre-seizure warning symptoms)
    • Loss of consciousness
    • Muscle rigidity (tonic phase)
    • Muscle jerking (clonic phase)
    • Stiffness and shaking
    • Possible loss of bladder or bowel control
    • Postictal confusion (after the seizure)
    • Fatigue or drowsiness

  4. List at least seven symptoms of a heart attack:

    • Chest pain or discomfort
    • Shortness of breath
    • Nausea or vomiting
    • Pain or discomfort in the arms, back, neck, jaw, or stomach
    • Sweating
    • Lightheadedness or fainting
    • Fatigue

  5. What are the symptoms of internal bleeding, and how is it initially and eventually treated?:

    • Symptoms: Abdominal pain, swelling or distension, lightheadedness, weakness, rapid heartbeat, and bruising.
    • Initial treatment: Control any visible external bleeding if present, keep the patient calm, and seek emergency medical help.
    • Eventually treated: Hospitalization, diagnostic imaging (like CT scans), and possible surgical intervention to repair any underlying damage.

  6. Describe the purpose of an AED and its capabilities: An Automatic External Defibrillator (AED) is a portable device designed to diagnose and treat life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias (such as ventricular fibrillation) through defibrillation. It analyzes the heart's rhythm and, if necessary, delivers an electrical shock to restore a normal rhythm. AEDs are designed for use by laypeople with voice prompts and visual guides, making them user-friendly in emergency situations.

  7. Explain instances when obstructive airway can occur in adults and children:

    • Adults: Can occur due to choking on food, foreign objects, or severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis). Additionally, excessive alcohol consumption or drug use can impair swallowing and lead to airway blockage.
    • Children: Typically occurs from choking on small toys, food items, or other objects. Infants are particularly at risk with small objects that can obstruct their airways.

  8. List at least 10 supplies that can be found on a crash cart:

    • Defibrillator (AED)
    • Oxygen delivery system (mask or nasal cannula)
    • IV supplies (fluids, tubing, needles)
    • Emergency medications (e.g., epinephrine, atropine)
    • Airway management devices (endotracheal tubes, bag-valve masks)
    • Blood pressure cuff
    • Suction device
    • Crash cart manual or protocol guide
    • Sterile dressing and bandages
    • Gloves and personal protective equipment (PPE)

  9. Compare and contrast the symptoms of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia:

    • Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) symptoms include:
      • Increased thirst
      • Frequent urination
      • Fatigue
      • Blurred vision
      • Dry mouth
    • Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) symptoms include:
      • Sweating
      • Shakiness or trembling
      • Dizziness or lightheadedness
      • Confusion or difficulty concentrating
      • Hunger
    • Contrast: Hyperglycemia typically leads to symptoms related to excessive glucose in the blood, while hypoglycemia presents symptoms of insufficient glucose available for the body.

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