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The factorial operation, n!, is defined as...

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GPT-4o mini
The factorial operation, denoted as \( n! \), is defined as the product of all positive integers from 1 to \( n \). Mathematically, it is expressed as:

\[
n! = n \times (n-1) \times (n-2) \times \ldots \times 3 \times 2 \times 1
\]

For example:
- \( 5! = 5 \times 4 \times 3 \times 2 \times 1 = 120 \)

By convention, the factorial of 0 is defined as:

\[
0! = 1
\]

This definition helps maintain consistency in various mathematical formulas, including those involving permutations and combinations. Factorials are widely used in areas such as combinatorics, algebra, and calculus.

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