Question
All compounds with linear shape
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GPT-4o mini
Compounds can exhibit a linear molecular shape due to their geometry. A linear shape typically arises when there are two bonding pairs of electrons and no lone pairs or when there are three atoms in a straight line. Here are some examples of compounds and ions that have a linear geometry:
1. **Diatomic Molecules**: Any diatomic molecule has a linear shape since it consists of two atoms. Examples include:
- Hydrogen (H₂)
- Oxygen (O₂)
- Nitrogen (N₂)
- Chlorine (Cl₂)
- Iodine (I₂)
2. **Linear Triatomic Molecules**: Molecules with three atoms can also be linear if the arrangement allows it. Common examples include:
- Carbon dioxide (CO₂) - central carbon atom bonded to two oxygen atoms.
- Acetylene (C₂H₂) - two carbon atoms triple-bonded with each other and each bonded to one hydrogen atom.
- Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) - hydrogen bonded to carbon, which is bonded to nitrogen.
3. **Certain Ions**: Some ions also have linear shapes, such as:
- Azide ion (N₃⁻) - linear arrangement of three nitrogen atoms.
- Carbonate ion (CO₃²⁻) can show linear characteristics depending on resonance structures but is typically trigonal planar.
- Thiocyanate ion (SCN⁻) - can be linear as sulfur, carbon, and nitrogen are arranged linearly.
4. **Simple Organics**: Some simple organic compounds that are linear include:
- 1-Butyne (C₄H₈) - a straight-chain alkyne.
- 1,2-Dichloroethene (C₂H₂Cl₂) can exist in a linear form if the substituents allow it.
Linear geometries often occur due to the presence of double or triple bonds, which restrict rotation, preserving the linear shape. In VSEPR theory, linear geometry corresponds to an AX₂ type, where "A" is the central atom, and "X" represents the surrounding atoms. The bond angle in a linear molecule is 180 degrees.
1. **Diatomic Molecules**: Any diatomic molecule has a linear shape since it consists of two atoms. Examples include:
- Hydrogen (H₂)
- Oxygen (O₂)
- Nitrogen (N₂)
- Chlorine (Cl₂)
- Iodine (I₂)
2. **Linear Triatomic Molecules**: Molecules with three atoms can also be linear if the arrangement allows it. Common examples include:
- Carbon dioxide (CO₂) - central carbon atom bonded to two oxygen atoms.
- Acetylene (C₂H₂) - two carbon atoms triple-bonded with each other and each bonded to one hydrogen atom.
- Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) - hydrogen bonded to carbon, which is bonded to nitrogen.
3. **Certain Ions**: Some ions also have linear shapes, such as:
- Azide ion (N₃⁻) - linear arrangement of three nitrogen atoms.
- Carbonate ion (CO₃²⁻) can show linear characteristics depending on resonance structures but is typically trigonal planar.
- Thiocyanate ion (SCN⁻) - can be linear as sulfur, carbon, and nitrogen are arranged linearly.
4. **Simple Organics**: Some simple organic compounds that are linear include:
- 1-Butyne (C₄H₈) - a straight-chain alkyne.
- 1,2-Dichloroethene (C₂H₂Cl₂) can exist in a linear form if the substituents allow it.
Linear geometries often occur due to the presence of double or triple bonds, which restrict rotation, preserving the linear shape. In VSEPR theory, linear geometry corresponds to an AX₂ type, where "A" is the central atom, and "X" represents the surrounding atoms. The bond angle in a linear molecule is 180 degrees.