Here are the correct answers to the statements and questions provided:
-
Instrumental music of the Classical period emphasized:
- Form, clarity, and elegance.
-
Composers in the Romantic period:
- Put less emphasis on formal structure and more emphasis on a wider harmonic palette than their Classical period counterparts.
-
A dissonant harmony that does not release tension by changing to a consonant harmony. A common characteristic in much twentieth century music:
- Unresolved dissonance.
-
A piano genre of the Romantic period developed by Frederic Chopin that is episodic in nature, derived from early poetic forms:
- Ballade.
-
Staged musical genre combining singing, acting, costumes, and scenery with an accompanying orchestra in a pit below, and in front of, the stage:
- Opera.
-
American composer whose works were greatly influenced by non-western musical concepts:
- Alan Hovhannes.
-
The absence of a tonal center in music:
- Atonality.
-
Baroque period dynamic ideal in which the volume level changes abruptly rather than gradually:
- Terraced dynamics.
-
A pitch around which scales and resultant harmonies are derived:
- Tonal center.
-
During the Baroque period:
- The musical elements took on many of the characteristics that govern those elements today.
-
An orchestral composition, usually in four movements, employing significant thematic development and a unified approach to the entire composition:
- Symphony.
-
A general trend in nineteenth century music in which composers sought to emphasize their national, cultural and ethnic heritage by incorporating national stories and myths, folk tunes, and dances into their compositions:
- Nationalism.
-
A genre for orchestra consisting of a series of dance movements:
- Orchestral dance suite.
-
The forerunner of the modern guitar:
- Lute.
-
A music concert that features one performer with piano or small ensemble accompaniment:
- Recital.
-
Music that incorporates some element of chance in either the composition or performance of the music. Advocated by American composer John Cage:
- Aleatoric music.
-
One of the most significant changes in the minds of composers in the twentieth century was that:
- A tonal center was not essential to a musical composition.
-
Dramatic, sacred genre of the Baroque period consisting of arias, recitatives, and choruses; usually based on biblical stories and texts; performed in concert format, that is, not acted out on stage:
- Oratorio.
-
In tonal music, the first pitch of a scale and the chord based on that pitch:
- Tonic.
-
French impressionist composer noted for his ballets, orchestral works and chamber music:
- Claude Debussy.
-
The structure of a musical composition:
- Form.
-
Late twentieth century style characterized by having a traditional tonal center and much repetition with layering of melodic or motivic elements. La Monte Young, Terry Riley, Steve Reich, and Phillip Glass were innovative composers in this style:
- Minimalism.
-
In a concerto grosso, the small group of soloists with basso continuo:
- Concertino.
-
The gradual increase in the dynamic level (volume):
- Crescendo.
-
American neo-romantic composer:
- Samuel Barber.
-
Compositional style developed by early twentieth century composer Arnold Schoenberg in an attempt to find compositional techniques equivalent to traditional tonal music while retaining the element of atonality:
- Twelve tone music.
-
A single movement orchestral composition that is programmatic. Also known as a symphonic poem:
- Tone poem.
-
A group of five Romantic period Russian nationalist composers, Mili Balakirev, Alexander Borodin, Cesar Cui, Modest Mussorgsky, and Nicolai Rimsky-Korsakov, who favoured creating a distinctly Russian style of composition:
- The Five.
-
A string instrument that is played in a percussive manner by employing a series of hammers inside the body of the instrument that hit the strings to produce sound:
- Piano.
-
Single movement form of the Classical period onward based on thematic development within a prescribed sequence of changing tonal episodes; consists of three main sections, exposition, development, and recapitulation:
- Sonata form.
-
Italian dynamic term that means very loud:
- Fortissimo.
-
During the Classical period, the socio-political atmosphere in Europe began to move:
- From aristocracy toward democracy.
-
A free-form, improvisatory-sounding keyboard genre of the Baroque period frequently paired with a highly structured form such as the fugue:
- Fantasia.
-
A twentieth century compositional style first applied to the melodic element of music, and later applied to other elements as well, that organized pitches in a random sounding “series” instead of the traditional scale, resulting in very dissonant music:
- Serialism.
-
Russian dancer and innovative choreographer. Worked with Serge Diaghilev of the Ballet Russes in creating both The Rite of Spring and The Afternoon of a Faun:
- Vaclav Nijinsky.
-
One of the pioneering twentieth century composers in the minimalist style:
- Steve Reich.
-
Romantic period French composer, conductor, and music critic. His compositions were often very large in scope and employed unique instrumental combinations:
- Hector Berlioz.
-
Russian nationalist composer. One of “The Five”:
- Alexander Borodin.
-
The relative rate at which harmonies change in a musical composition:
- Harmonic rhythm.
-
A typical modern orchestra concert might include:
- An overture, a concerto, and a symphony.
Feel free to ask if you need further assistance!