n 3-5 sentences, explain why complex solutions come in conjugate pairs. You can use the quadratic formula to assist with your answer.

1 answer

Complex solutions come in conjugate pairs due to the nature of the coefficients in polynomial equations, specifically when they are real numbers. According to the quadratic formula, the solutions of a quadratic equation \( ax^2 + bx + c = 0 \) are given by \( x = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a} \). If the discriminant \( b^2 - 4ac \) is negative, the square root term becomes imaginary, resulting in solutions of the form \( x = \frac{-b}{2a} \pm \frac{\sqrt{|b^2 - 4ac|}}{2a}i \), where the two solutions differ only by the sign in front of the imaginary part. Consequently, these solutions, which are complex numbers, are conjugates of each other, as one has a positive imaginary component and the other has a negative imaginary component.