The following table represents three different cell types and the amount of different organelles they contain.Which of the following BEST explains the relationship between the structure and function of each cell type?

Question

Question 12 options:

Cell Z cannot build proteins because it has few Golgi bodies.

Cell X does not need energy because it has few rough ER.

Cell W breaks down cell waste products because it contains many lysosomes.

Cell Y stores fat because it has many mitochondria.

Answer 1

To determine the best explanation of the relationship between the structure and function of each cell type, let's analyze the statements:

1. Cell Z cannot build proteins because it has few Golgi bodies.

   • This statement is misleading. The Golgi apparatus is involved in modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins but is not the primary site of protein synthesis. Protein synthesis occurs mainly in the ribosomes, often found on the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER).

2. Cell X does not need energy because it has few rough ER.

   • This statement is inaccurate. The rough ER is involved in protein synthesis, not energy production. Cells need energy regardless of the amount of rough ER; typically, energy is generated by mitochondria.

3. Cell W breaks down cell waste products because it contains many lysosomes.

   • This statement is accurate. Lysosomes are organelles that contain digestive enzymes responsible for breaking down waste materials and cellular debris.

4. Cell Y stores fat because it has many mitochondria.

   • This statement is incorrect. While mitochondria are involved in energy production, they do not store fat. Fat storage is typically associated with cells that contain lipid droplets.

Given this analysis, the best explanation is:

Cell W breaks down cell waste products because it contains many lysosomes.

This statement accurately reflects the relationship between the structure (many lysosomes) and function (breaking down waste) of Cell W.