n 3–5 sentences, analyze two major challenges to newly independent states, citing one short-term effect and one long-term effect

Answer 1

Newly independent states often face significant challenges, including political instability and economic dependency. In the short term, political instability can result in violent conflicts or power struggles, undermining the establishment of a stable governance structure. Long-term effects may include persistent economic difficulties, as the lack of a stable political environment can hinder foreign investment and development, leading to a cycle of poverty and reliance on foreign aid. These challenges can ultimately affect national identity and cohesion, as different factions vie for power and resources.