To evaluate the expression \( b^2 - 4a \) for \( a = 5 \) and \( b = 12 \), we first need to calculate \( b^2 \) and \( 4a \).
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Calculate \( b^2 \): \[ b^2 = 12^2 = 144 \]
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Calculate \( 4a \): \[ 4a = 4 \times 5 = 20 \]
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Now, substitute these values into the expression: \[ b^2 - 4a = 144 - 20 = 124 \]
Therefore, the result of the expression \( b^2 - 4a \) is \( 124 \).
The correct answer is D. 124.