The estimated population of a certain city over time is given in the table below. Answer the questions below to explain what kind of function would better model the data, linear or exponential.

Number of Years Since Last Census, x 11 22 33 44
Estimated Population, f(x) 43, comma, 59143,591 36, comma, 32736,327 29, comma, 07729,077 21, comma, 83421,834
Answer
Attempt 1 out of 2

function would better model the data because as xx increases, the yy values change
. The

1 answer

To determine whether a linear or exponential function better models the population data over time, we can examine how the estimated population changes as the number of years since the last census increases.

  1. Calculate the differences in population values:

    • From year 11 to year 22: \( 43,591 - 36,327 = 7,264 \)
    • From year 22 to year 33: \( 36,327 - 29,077 = 7,250 \)
    • From year 33 to year 44: \( 29,077 - 21,834 = 7,243 \)

    The differences are relatively close, suggesting a linear decrease; however, they are not constant.

  2. Calculate the ratios of population values:

    • From year 11 to year 22: \( \frac{36,327}{43,591} \approx 0.833 \)
    • From year 22 to year 33: \( \frac{29,077}{36,327} \approx 0.800 \)
    • From year 33 to year 44: \( \frac{21,834}{29,077} \approx 0.750 \)

    The ratios are decreasing, suggesting this may hint towards an exponential decay rather than a linear function.

Conclusion:

Based on the changing population values, the differences indicate a consistent decrease, while the ratios highlight a trend typical of exponential decay.

Thus, a more suitable function to model the data would be an exponential function because as \( x \) (the number of years since the last census) increases, the \( y \) (the population) values change in a multiplicative manner (decreasing by a consistent percentage), rather than an additive manner (which would indicate linear change).

In summary, the exponential function would better model the data because as \( x \) increases, the \( y \) values change in a multiplicative way, suggesting a relative rate of decline in the population.