In the sonata form it is common for this to happen between the first and second theme of the exposition

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In sonata form, it is common for a modulation to occur between the first and second themes of the exposition. The first theme is typically presented in the home key, while the second theme is often in a contrasting key, usually related but different from the home key. This modulation helps create tension and prepares the listener for the transition between the two themes. Additionally, composers may employ various techniques, such as a bridge or transition passage, to facilitate this key change effectively.