Obligate anaerobes are microorganisms that cannot survive in the presence of oxygen. They rely entirely on anaerobic processes for their energy production. Here are some examples of obligate anaerobes:
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Clostridium species - This genus includes several pathogenic bacteria, such as:
- Clostridium botulinum - the causative agent of botulism.
- Clostridium tetani - responsible for tetanus.
- Clostridium perfringens - associated with gas gangrene and food poisoning.
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Bacteroides species - These bacteria are commonly found in the intestines and play a role in the digestion of complex molecules.
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Fusobacterium species - These are often found in the oral cavity and can be associated with various infections, including those related to the gums.
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Actinomyces species - Typically found in the human oral cavity and can cause actinomycosis.
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Propionibacterium species (now Cutibacterium) - These are found on human skin and in hair follicles, and are associated with acne.
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Veillonella species - Often found in the mouth and gastrointestinal tract, they play a role in fermentative metabolism.
These organisms thrive in environments devoid of oxygen, such as the intestines, deep wounds, and certain aquatic sediment environments.