Ray has $12,000 and he would like to put the money in a savings account. He has discussed opening an account at two different banks. The first bank offers $150 to open the account and a 2.3% annual interest rate. The second bank offers just $25 to open the account and an annual interest rate of 2.9%. Ray built data tables to illustrate how his money could grow in each of the accounts over time in years. The following rounded regression equation models represent these datasets. Use the regression models to find when the two savings accounts will have the same balance (round to the nearest tenth of a year), and then decide which account will yield the most money in the long run.

rounded regression equation for the account at bank #1: y=12,150(1.023)^x
rounded regression equation for the account at bank #2: y=12,025(1.029)^x
The two accounts will have the same balance in about___ years. In the long run, the account from bank #___ will yield more money

1 answer

To find when the two savings accounts will have the same balance, we need to set the two equations equal to each other:

Bank #1:
\[ y = 12,150(1.023)^x \]

Bank #2:
\[ y = 12,025(1.029)^x \]

We set them equal to find \( x \):
\[ 12,150(1.023)^x = 12,025(1.029)^x \]

To solve for \( x \), we can divide both sides by \( 12,025 \):
\[ \frac{12,150}{12,025}(1.023)^x = (1.029)^x \]

Next, calculate \( \frac{12,150}{12,025} \):
\[ \frac{12,150}{12,025} \approx 1.0104 \]

Now the equation looks like this:
\[ 1.0104(1.023)^x = (1.029)^x \]

Now take the natural logarithm of both sides:
\[ \ln(1.0104) + x \ln(1.023) = x \ln(1.029) \]

Now we can isolate \( x \):
\[ \ln(1.0104) = x(\ln(1.029) - \ln(1.023)) \]

Now, calculate \( \ln(1.0104) \) and \( \ln(1.029) - \ln(1.023) \):

  • \( \ln(1.0104) \approx 0.0104 \)
  • \( \ln(1.029) \approx 0.0285 \)
  • \( \ln(1.023) \approx 0.0227 \)
  • Thus, \( \ln(1.029) - \ln(1.023) \approx 0.0285 - 0.0227 = 0.0058 \)

So now we have:
\[ 0.0104 = x(0.0058) \]
\[ x \approx \frac{0.0104}{0.0058} \approx 1.7931 \]

Rounding to the nearest tenth, we find that:
The two accounts will have the same balance in about 1.8 years.

To determine which account will yield more money in the long run, we can analyze the limits of the two equations as \( x \) approaches infinity:

The account from Bank #1 grows at a rate of \( 1.023 \) and from Bank #2 at \( 1.029 \). Since \( 1.029 > 1.023 \), Bank #2 will yield more money in the long run.

So, the final answers are:
The two accounts will have the same balance in about 1.8 years. In the long run, the account from bank #2 will yield more money.