Which of the following sentences should NOT include commas?

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Pathos, is an appeal to the emotions, of the audience.
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When authors use ethos, they are often trying to establish credibility with the audience.
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Appeals to the audience, which were identified by Aristotle, are timeless persuasive techniques used by authors and speakers.
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Logos, an appeal to logic and reasoning, is an effective persuasive technique.
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1 answer

The sentence that should NOT include commas is:

Pathos, is an appeal to the emotions, of the audience.

The correct version should be: "Pathos is an appeal to the emotions of the audience." The commas are incorrectly separating the subject from the verb and unnecessarily isolating "of the audience."