The Myth of Achilles

Achilles is a well-known hero in Greek mythology. This brave warrior fought in the Trojan War. The following myth is where the phrase “Achilles’ heel” comes from.

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Achilles was the son of Peleus and the sea goddess Thetis. When Achilles was still a baby, Thetis tried to make him immortal by dipping him in the river Styx. Her actions made Achilles’ body completely invulnerable to harm with one exception: his right heel. This was what Thetis held on to as she dipped him into the flowing water.

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When Achilles was still a young boy, Thetis was told that her son would either have a long but inglorious life of comfort and inactivity, or would have a short but heroic career, soon after which his life would end.

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Thetis naturally hoped to prolong the life of Achilles, and made the decision to send him away to the island of Scyros, where he was raised as a girl to conceal his true identity.

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Achilles could not remain in hiding forever, though. When it was predicted that it would be impossible to capture Troy without the assistance of Achilles, the hero Odysseus was sent to Scyros to find Achilles. Faced with the task of determining which of the “females” he encoun­tered in the royal palace was actually Achilles in disguise, Odysseus presented a set of weapons to the group. Achilles could not conceal his excitement when he saw the weapons. He seized them and revealed his identity, after which he joined the Greeks in their fight against the Trojans.

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The war was lengthy. Many battles were fought, and many warriors were lost. Achilles donned a magnificent suit of armor and led the Greeks in their struggle against the enemy, himself defeating numerous power­ful foes.

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On the last day of his life, Achilles faced off against Memnon, ally of the Trojans. Conquering this enemy gave Achilles the confidence to attempt to storm the city of Troy, but this act would prove to be his downfall. A warrior named Paris shot an arrow at Achilles, which pierced his right heel, the sole part of his body that had not been bathed in the protective waters of the river Styx.

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Achilles dropped to the ground and died of his wound. Thetis came to embrace her gallant son and wept bitterly over the loss, joining the entire Greek army in their sorrow over the fallen hero.
Achilles’s love for battle can be inferred from the decisions he makes throughout "The Myth of Achilles." Explain how his behavior reveals this character trait, and tell what happens as a result of having that trait. Write a well-developed, multi-paragraph essay with evidence from the text to support your analysis.

1 answer

In "The Myth of Achilles," the character of Achilles is emblematic of the complex relationship between valor and mortality within ancient Greek culture. His love for battle, characterized by a thirst for glory and an unyielding desire to prove himself as a warrior, not only defines his character but also lays the groundwork for his inevitable tragedy. Throughout the narrative, Achilles demonstrates a remarkable blend of bravery, skill, and ambition which, while elevating him to the ranks of legendary heroes, also sets in motion the events that culminate in his untimely demise.

From the outset, Achilles is depicted as a figure destined for greatness, torn between the dual paths of a long, peaceful life and a brief but illustrious one. The decision made by his mother, Thetis, to hide him away on the island of Scyros illustrates the protective instincts of a mother while simultaneously foreshadowing Achilles’ ultimate fate. Thetis believes that by concealing him, she can preserve his life, but it is clear that her efforts are futile against Achilles’ inherent nature. Once Odysseus arrives at Scyros and reveals the weapons, Achilles’ excitement in seizing them reveals a deep-seated love for combat and honor. His inability to resist the allure of warfare ultimately leads to his recognition and re-entry into the fray of battle, where he seeks both glory and validation.

As the narrative unfolds, Achilles’ prowess in battle is underscored by his role as the leader of the Greeks. He dons magnificent armor and engages in numerous fights against powerful foes, showcasing not just a natural ability but an unquenchable desire for battle that resonates throughout the Greek army. This drive is particularly highlighted when he confronts Memnon, an ally of the Trojans. The text states, "Conquering this enemy gave Achilles the confidence to attempt to storm the city of Troy," illustrating how his victories only serve to fuel his ambition for more. Achilles’ love for conflict pushes him to the front lines, with each conquest further heightening his reputation and solidifying his status as a formidable warrior.

However, this trait of his love for battle does not come without consequences. The very ambition that elevates Achilles to heroism also propels him toward recklessness. The moment he engages in the attempt to storm Troy represents a critical point in the myth; it is driven by the hubris innate to his character and the impassioned drive for glory that defines him. Ultimately, this desire leads him to disregard the warnings of fate and the vulnerability he bears, symbolized by the physical weakness of his heel. Unfortunately, this flaw becomes his Achilles’ heel, as he is mortally wounded by an arrow from the warrior Paris, solidifying the tragic irony that his pursuit of greatness ultimately leads to his downfall.

In conclusion, "The Myth of Achilles" illustrates how Achilles’ love for battle is both his defining trait and the harbinger of his tragic end. His passion for glory compels him to reveal his identity and join the war, where he earns his place among the legendary heroes of Greek lore. Yet, this same passion blinded him to the risks he faced, leading to a fate sealed by the very thing that defined him. Through Achilles, the myth explores the delicate balance between heroism and vulnerability, reflecting the complexities of human ambition as well as the inevitable consequences that arise from it.