Question
Lesson Objectives
Use accusative prepositions and prepositional phrases to show the relationship between two things
Use vocabulary related to food and dining
Demonstrate proficiency by responding in writing to spoken questions
Prepositions are words (or phrases) that show the relationship between two things. Often they show "where" something is (against, beside, next to, in front of, around) or "when" (before, after).
A "prepositional phrase" consists of a preposition and the noun or pronoun that follows it.
German prepositions fall into groups depending on which case is used following them. The group you are looking at now is called the "accusative prepositions," because the noun or pronoun they precede is always in accusative form.
You shouldn't expect a given German preposition to be translated the same way all the time. For example, the basic meaning of "gegen" is "against," but when used in "allergisch gegen," you would say "allergic to" in English. The German word "durch" normally means "through," but when talking about meat in a restaurant it means "well-done" (i.e. cooked through).
So be very careful with prepositions; they are the hardest words to translate because they have so many different meanings. Here, however, are the basic (most common) meanings of the accusative prepositions:
um
around
für
for
durch
through
ohne
without
gegen
against/to|
Schriftliche Übung
Write these prepositional phrases down in your notebook. Be sure to use the accusative case for the noun. When you have finished, click on each phrase on the left to see if you have done them correctly. The first one is done for you.
Question Answer
durch / Haus durch das Haus
für / mein / Onkel
für meinen Onkel
gegen / andere / Schule
gegen die andere Schule
ohne / ein / Mantel
ohne einen Mantel
um / Tisch
um den Tisch
für / dein / Geschwister
für deine Geschwister
Vokabeln
You and your friends are starting to get hungry. You talk about what might be on the menu of the restaurant that you’re going to. Here are some additional vocabulary words that you need to know.
der Zucker
sugar
das Salz
salt
der Pfeffer
pepper
der Ketchup
ketchup
der Senf
mustard
mehr
more
Reich mir bitte...
please pass me...
Übung
Du möchtest diese Sachen essen und/oder trinken. Schreib jeden Satz! Dann klicke auf das Bild und siehe die richtige Antwort! The first one is done for you.
1) A) a jar of jam
B) a loaf of bread
Ich möchte Brot mit Marmelade essen.
2) A) a carton of eggs
B) a slice of toast
» Ich möchte Toast und Eier essen.
3) A) slices of watermelon
B) a salt shaker
» Ich möchte Wassermelone mit Salz essen.
4) A) A slice of chocolate and raspberry cake
B) a cup of coffee
» Ich möchte Torte essen und Kaffee trinken.
5) A) Three baked potatoes
B) a dish of butter and a butter knife
» Ich möchte Kartoffeln mit Butter essen.
6) A) a gallon of milk
B) four carrots
» Ich möchte Karotten essen und Milch trinken.
7) A) a t-bone steak
B) a bottle of juice
» Ich möchte Rindfleisch essen und Saft trinken.
Writing Assessment: Hören und Schreiben
Listen to the speaker asking you questions. Write an answer to each question as a complete German
sentence using what you have learned in this course. You may listen to each question as many times
as you like.
Use accusative prepositions and prepositional phrases to show the relationship between two things
Use vocabulary related to food and dining
Demonstrate proficiency by responding in writing to spoken questions
Prepositions are words (or phrases) that show the relationship between two things. Often they show "where" something is (against, beside, next to, in front of, around) or "when" (before, after).
A "prepositional phrase" consists of a preposition and the noun or pronoun that follows it.
German prepositions fall into groups depending on which case is used following them. The group you are looking at now is called the "accusative prepositions," because the noun or pronoun they precede is always in accusative form.
You shouldn't expect a given German preposition to be translated the same way all the time. For example, the basic meaning of "gegen" is "against," but when used in "allergisch gegen," you would say "allergic to" in English. The German word "durch" normally means "through," but when talking about meat in a restaurant it means "well-done" (i.e. cooked through).
So be very careful with prepositions; they are the hardest words to translate because they have so many different meanings. Here, however, are the basic (most common) meanings of the accusative prepositions:
um
around
für
for
durch
through
ohne
without
gegen
against/to|
Schriftliche Übung
Write these prepositional phrases down in your notebook. Be sure to use the accusative case for the noun. When you have finished, click on each phrase on the left to see if you have done them correctly. The first one is done for you.
Question Answer
durch / Haus durch das Haus
für / mein / Onkel
für meinen Onkel
gegen / andere / Schule
gegen die andere Schule
ohne / ein / Mantel
ohne einen Mantel
um / Tisch
um den Tisch
für / dein / Geschwister
für deine Geschwister
Vokabeln
You and your friends are starting to get hungry. You talk about what might be on the menu of the restaurant that you’re going to. Here are some additional vocabulary words that you need to know.
der Zucker
sugar
das Salz
salt
der Pfeffer
pepper
der Ketchup
ketchup
der Senf
mustard
mehr
more
Reich mir bitte...
please pass me...
Übung
Du möchtest diese Sachen essen und/oder trinken. Schreib jeden Satz! Dann klicke auf das Bild und siehe die richtige Antwort! The first one is done for you.
1) A) a jar of jam
B) a loaf of bread
Ich möchte Brot mit Marmelade essen.
2) A) a carton of eggs
B) a slice of toast
» Ich möchte Toast und Eier essen.
3) A) slices of watermelon
B) a salt shaker
» Ich möchte Wassermelone mit Salz essen.
4) A) A slice of chocolate and raspberry cake
B) a cup of coffee
» Ich möchte Torte essen und Kaffee trinken.
5) A) Three baked potatoes
B) a dish of butter and a butter knife
» Ich möchte Kartoffeln mit Butter essen.
6) A) a gallon of milk
B) four carrots
» Ich möchte Karotten essen und Milch trinken.
7) A) a t-bone steak
B) a bottle of juice
» Ich möchte Rindfleisch essen und Saft trinken.
Writing Assessment: Hören und Schreiben
Listen to the speaker asking you questions. Write an answer to each question as a complete German
sentence using what you have learned in this course. You may listen to each question as many times
as you like.
Answers
GPT-4o mini
### Prepositional Phrases
Here are the accusative prepositional phrases you requested, completed accordingly:
1. **durch** / Haus
**durch das Haus**
2. **für** / mein / Onkel
**für meinen Onkel**
3. **gegen** / andere / Schule
**gegen die andere Schule**
4. **ohne** / ein / Mantel
**ohne einen Mantel**
5. **um** / Tisch
**um den Tisch**
6. **für** / dein / Geschwister
**für deine Geschwister**
### Vocabulary Related to Food and Dining
Here is the list of vocabulary words you may find useful in discussions about food:
- der Zucker - sugar
- das Salz - salt
- der Pfeffer - pepper
- der Ketchup - ketchup
- der Senf - mustard
- mehr - more
- Reich mir bitte... - please pass me...
### Exercises: Write Sentences
Here are the sentences based on the given prompts:
1. **A)** a jar of jam
**B)** a loaf of bread
**Antwort:** Ich möchte Brot mit Marmelade essen.
2. **A)** a carton of eggs
**B)** a slice of toast
**Antwort:** Ich möchte Toast und Eier essen.
3. **A)** slices of watermelon
**B)** a salt shaker
**Antwort:** Ich möchte Wassermelone mit Salz essen.
4. **A)** A slice of chocolate and raspberry cake
**B)** a cup of coffee
**Antwort:** Ich möchte Torte essen und Kaffee trinken.
5. **A)** Three baked potatoes
**B)** a dish of butter and a butter knife
**Antwort:** Ich möchte Kartoffeln mit Butter essen.
6. **A)** a gallon of milk
**B)** four carrots
**Antwort:** Ich möchte Karotten essen und Milch trinken.
7. **A)** a t-bone steak
**B)** a bottle of juice
**Antwort:** Ich möchte Rindfleisch essen und Saft trinken.
### Writing Assessment: Hören und Schreiben
For the writing assessment, once you have listened to the questions, you will need to write complete sentences in German based on what you hear. While I cannot listen to audio, I can guide you on how to structure your answers and use the vocabulary and prepositional phrases from earlier lessons.
If you have specific questions or need help translating your responses to potential questions, feel free to ask!
Here are the accusative prepositional phrases you requested, completed accordingly:
1. **durch** / Haus
**durch das Haus**
2. **für** / mein / Onkel
**für meinen Onkel**
3. **gegen** / andere / Schule
**gegen die andere Schule**
4. **ohne** / ein / Mantel
**ohne einen Mantel**
5. **um** / Tisch
**um den Tisch**
6. **für** / dein / Geschwister
**für deine Geschwister**
### Vocabulary Related to Food and Dining
Here is the list of vocabulary words you may find useful in discussions about food:
- der Zucker - sugar
- das Salz - salt
- der Pfeffer - pepper
- der Ketchup - ketchup
- der Senf - mustard
- mehr - more
- Reich mir bitte... - please pass me...
### Exercises: Write Sentences
Here are the sentences based on the given prompts:
1. **A)** a jar of jam
**B)** a loaf of bread
**Antwort:** Ich möchte Brot mit Marmelade essen.
2. **A)** a carton of eggs
**B)** a slice of toast
**Antwort:** Ich möchte Toast und Eier essen.
3. **A)** slices of watermelon
**B)** a salt shaker
**Antwort:** Ich möchte Wassermelone mit Salz essen.
4. **A)** A slice of chocolate and raspberry cake
**B)** a cup of coffee
**Antwort:** Ich möchte Torte essen und Kaffee trinken.
5. **A)** Three baked potatoes
**B)** a dish of butter and a butter knife
**Antwort:** Ich möchte Kartoffeln mit Butter essen.
6. **A)** a gallon of milk
**B)** four carrots
**Antwort:** Ich möchte Karotten essen und Milch trinken.
7. **A)** a t-bone steak
**B)** a bottle of juice
**Antwort:** Ich möchte Rindfleisch essen und Saft trinken.
### Writing Assessment: Hören und Schreiben
For the writing assessment, once you have listened to the questions, you will need to write complete sentences in German based on what you hear. While I cannot listen to audio, I can guide you on how to structure your answers and use the vocabulary and prepositional phrases from earlier lessons.
If you have specific questions or need help translating your responses to potential questions, feel free to ask!