The correct answer is:
b) the Allies continually attacked and devastated the region because the Ottoman Empire allied with the Central Powers.
During World War I, the Ottoman Empire, which controlled much of the Middle East, sided with the Central Powers (Germany and Austria-Hungary). This resulted in military campaigns by the Allies, particularly in the regions of the Middle East, leading to significant devastation and suffering among the local populations. Additionally, the war precipitated changes that would ultimately reshape the political landscape of the region in the years that followed.