The two factors that contributed to Louisiana's decision to secede were:
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Presidential election of 1860 - The election of Abraham Lincoln, who was viewed as a significant threat to the institution of slavery, spurred Southern states, including Louisiana, to consider secession as a means of preserving their way of life.
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Fear of a rebellion by enslaved people - Southern states, including Louisiana, were concerned about the potential for slave uprisings. This fear was heightened by previous events, such as Nat Turner's Rebellion, which contributed to the sense of urgency in protecting the institution of slavery.
The other two options, while relevant to the broader context of the period, were not direct factors in Louisiana's decision to secede. The sugarcane tariff primarily affected economic interests, and the Compromise of 1850 was seen as a temporary measure rather than a cause for secession.