Question 1

Question

Read the information about an ecosystem created by a student.


A student creates an ant ecosystem within a fish tank. The fish tank has soil in which the ants carve their tunnels. The student places pieces of fruits and vegetables in the tank every three days. The student adds five drops of water to a cotton ball every day to provide the ants with water. The student keeps the ant ecosystem in his bedroom.

Which change made by the student would have the LARGEST impact on the stability of the ants' ecosystem?

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a
The student could provide fruits and vegetables every ten days.
b
The student could move the fish tank to another room.
c
The student could create more tunnels in the soil.
d
The student could add more water drops to the cotton ball.
Question 2
Three different bird species are represented by the letters R, S, and T. Species S and T show similar coloration. The enzymes found in Species R and T show similarities. Species R and T also exhibit many of the same behavioral patterns. Which figure best shows the relationship between species R, S, and T?

a
44bb44e2-03be-41b2-8a62-65fbe856c853

b
2d903c41-b3a2-4e5e-b736-7f2531e97220

c
c290db56-2654-496a-90b6-70119cc1ab40

d
9cc65baf-33b1-485d-b6fd-9ffdaf796610

Question 3
Peyton draws a cladogram using a cat, whale, praying mantis, and water boatman. She uses the diagram showing homologous and analogous structures to help her with her cladogram.

Which organisms does she draw on the same branch, showing a common ancestor?

a
praying mantis and water boatman
b
praying mantis and cat
c
whale and water boatman
d
praying mantis and whale
Question 4
"Natural ecosystems provide an array of basic processes that affect and support humans."

Which statement does not support this quotation?

a
Bacterial decay helps recycle matter.
b
Treated sewage is less damaging to the environment than untreated sewage.
c
Trees add to the amount of atmospheric oxygen.
d
Lichens and mosses living on rocks help to break the rocks down, forming soil.
Question 5
Which of the following practices is MOST likely to slow the buildup of CO2 in the atmosphere?

Could CO2 supply sustainable protein for poultry producers? | WATTAgNet | WATTPoultry

a
an increases in the usage of desalination plants
b
a reduction in the usage of nuclear power
c
use of solar panels to generate electricity instead of fossil fuels
d
deforestation of tropical rainforests
Question 6
Determining the clinical course in patients with viral or bacterial infection for acute cough — NIHR Community Healthcare MICYou are sick with a sore throat and fever. Your doctor does a throat swab and makes a microscope slide. Under the microscope, they find long chains of spherical cells that lack membrane bound organelles.

Do you have a viral or bacterial or fungal infection? How do you know?

a
You have a viral infection, as viruses form long cellular chains unique to your cells.
b
You have a bacterial infection, as bacteria are simple prokaryotic cells - and you are not.
c
You have a fungal infection, as fungi are simple prokaryotic cells - as are you.
d
Impossible to determine from the information supplied.
Question 7
The average temperature of the surface of Earth has increased approximately 1°C in the past century. Which reason best explains this increase in temperature?

a
higher levels of nitrogen in the atmosphere
b
higher levels of oxygen in the atmosphere
c
lower levels of ozone in the atmosphere
d
higher levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
Question 8
A certain allele of a helpful gene is rare in a species of gerbil. The evolutionary mechanism most likely to cause the gradual loss of this allele is

a
genetic drift.
b
mutation.
c
natural selection.
d
gene flow.
Question 9
Genetic drift tends to occur in populations that ______.

Choose all that apply.

File:Random sampling genetic drift.gif - Wikimedia Commons

a
due to random chance, changes the allele frequency
b
are small
c
have unchanging habitats
d
are very large
Question 10
The graph shows changes in the population size of rabbits in an environment.

What does the dotted line in the graph represent?

a
the amount of predators in the environment
b
the reproductive rate of the rabbits
c
the emigration rate of the rabbits
d
the carrying capacity of the environment
Question 11
In the early 1900s, fire ants came to the mainland United States aboard ships that had docked in their native South America. Within several years, fire ants had spread across the southern United States. Today, many products are available to control fire ants. However, when all fire ants are eradicated from an area, many different species of ants begin to cause disturbances. When one fire ant mound is reintroduced, no other ants cause problems. What could explain this behavior?

Kenneth Ross: History of Red Imported Fire Ant - Entomology & Nematology News - ANR Blogs

a
Only the fire ants are becoming resistant to the chemical pesticides.
b
All the species of ants are dying out because of the warmer weather.
c
Fire ants do not allow any other ants in their territory, but when they are eradicated, the other ants can resurface.
d
Because fire ants are an introduced species, they do not socialize with the other ants. When they are removed, the other ant species become more active.
Question 12
How can you help reduce the spread of invasive species?

Select all correct responses

a
Report invasive species
b
Release unwanted pets to the woods or local waterways
c
Plant native species
d
Use out of state or imported firewood on camping trips
Question 13
The diagram shows a population before and after a chance event.

Which statement describes how the new population is changed after the chance event?

a
The new population reproduces with a smaller gene pool, which decreases diversity.
b
The new population contains the same alleles that existed in the gene pool, which increases diversity.
c
The new population contains new alleles that did not previously exist in the gene pool, which decreases diversity.
d
The new population reproduces with a larger gene pool, which increases diversity.
Question 14
Amanda learns that some species of algae share the characteristics of being single-celled and producing sugar by photosynthesis. These species of algae fall into the category of which of the following kingdoms?

a
Animalia
b
Fungi
c
Eubacteria
d
Protista
Question 15
The modern classification system is based on

a
putting organisms into categories based on where they live.
b
putting organisms into categories based on how they reproduce.
c
putting organisms into categories based on similar characteristics.
d
putting organisms into categories based on the type of food they eat.
Question 16
Which statement best describes evolution?

a
Evolution is a change in the genetic makeup of an individual over a short period of time.
b
Evolution is a change in the gene frequency in a population over generations.
c
Evolution is a change in the phenotypic makeup of a population over generations.
d
Evolution is a change in the environmental conditions over a short period of time.
Question 17
During a dry season, a farmer can cause an environmental change by regularly watering crops. This environmental change can effect the stability of the field's ecosystem by causing the ecosystem to become

a
less stable, as the crops in the field receive more water than they would with rain.
b
less stable, as the crops in the field outnumber the native grasses in the field.
c
more stable, as the crops in the field receive too much water.
d
more stable, as the crops in the field do not dehydrate and die off.
Question 18
During the nineteenth century, Schwann, Schleiden, and Virchow were credited with the creation of cell theory. Two important points of cell theory are that the cell is the basic unit of life, and that cells come from other cells. Why was this finding so important?

Biology and its makers. Biology -- History. THE CELL THEORY 255 number—commonly from two to twenty-four—in different •" 9 parts of animals and plants, they are, neyertheless, of the same number

a
They proved that genetic adaptivity happens over time.
b
They proved that cells have an increasingly complicated hierarchy.
c
They proved that the cell is the smallest structure in an organism.
d
They proved that spontaneous generation does not occur.
Question 19
The frequency of two alleles in a gene pool is 0.17 (A) and 0.83(a). Assume that the population
is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

Calculate the percentage of heterozygous individuals in the population.

a
28%
b
46%
c
31%
d
1%
Question 20
Amoeba Sisters GIFs - Science with The Amoeba Sisters

(hint) AA = P Squared overwatch livestream - YouTube= 80% = 0.8



a
1%
b
10%
c
80%
d
89%
Question 21
What is most agricultural organic waste used for?

a
synergism
b
fertilizing the soil
c
feeding live stock
d
producing energy
Question 22
Which statement provides the best argument for why bird and butterfly wings evolved to have a similar function but differ in structure?

a
This is an example of homologous structures, which indicates that they share a common evolutionary origin.
b
This is an example of vestigial structures, which indicates that the common ancestor of birds and butterflies had the same structure as birds.
c
This is an example of analogous structures, which indicates that they are not closely related even though they perform the same function.
d
This is an example of embryological structures, which indicates that bird and butterfly wings have similar function because they develop in much the same way.
Question 23
A scientist is performing an investigation using biochemistry to show the evolutionary relationship between an unknown species and four known species. She compares the DNA of the same protein found in all five species.

Her data is shown in the table.

Species Sequence
unknown ACT GCA CCC
species I ACA GCA CCG
species II ACT GGT GGA
species III ACA GCA GGG
species IV ACT GCA CCG

The scientist claims that all living organisms are related by way of common descent. The comparison of which two species BEST supports her claim?

a
species I and species III
b
the unknown species and species II
c
the unknown species and species IV
d
species II and species IV
Question 24
Select three process that can increase the variation of a species.

a
budding
b
selective breeding
c
genetic engineering
d
cloning
e
mutations
f
fission

Answer 1

Here are the answers to your questions:

Question 1: Which change made by the student would have the LARGEST impact on the stability of the ants' ecosystem?

• Answer: a (The student could provide fruits and vegetables every ten days.)

Question 2: Which figure best shows the relationship between species R, S, and T?

• Answer: The specific figures are not visible in this context, but you'll need to choose the one that accurately reflects the relationships described (species S and T having similar coloration, while R and T showing enzyme similarities and behavioral patterns).

Question 3: Which organisms does she draw on the same branch, showing a common ancestor?

• Answer: a (praying mantis and water boatman)

Question 4: Which statement does not support this quotation?

• Answer: b (Treated sewage is less damaging to the environment than untreated sewage.)

Question 5: Which of the following practices is MOST likely to slow the buildup of CO2 in the atmosphere?

• Answer: c (use of solar panels to generate electricity instead of fossil fuels)

Question 6: Do you have a viral or bacterial or fungal infection? How do you know?

• Answer: b (You have a bacterial infection, as bacteria are simple prokaryotic cells - and you are not.)

Question 7: Which reason best explains this increase in temperature?

• Answer: d (higher levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere)

Question 8: The evolutionary mechanism most likely to cause the gradual loss of this allele is

• Answer: a (genetic drift.)

Question 9: Genetic drift tends to occur in populations that ______.

• Answer: a (due to random chance, changes the allele frequency)
• Answer: b (are small)

Question 10: What does the dotted line in the graph represent?

• Answer: d (the carrying capacity of the environment)

Question 11: What could explain this behavior?

• Answer: c (Fire ants do not allow any other ants in their territory, but when they are eradicated, the other ants can resurface.)

Question 12: How can you help reduce the spread of invasive species?

• Answer: a (Report invasive species)
• Answer: c (Plant native species)

Question 13: Which statement describes how the new population is changed after the chance event?

• Answer: a (The new population reproduces with a smaller gene pool, which decreases diversity.)

Question 14: These species of algae fall into the category of which kingdom?

• Answer: d (Protista)

Question 15: The modern classification system is based on:

• Answer: c (putting organisms into categories based on similar characteristics.)

Question 16: Which statement best describes evolution?

• Answer: b (Evolution is a change in the gene frequency in a population over generations.)

Question 17: This environmental change can effect the stability of the field's ecosystem by causing the ecosystem to become:

• Answer: d (more stable, as the crops in the field do not dehydrate and die off.)

Question 18: Why was this finding so important?

• Answer: d (They proved that spontaneous generation does not occur.)

Question 19: Calculate the percentage of heterozygous individuals in the population.

• Answer: a (28%)

Question 20: What is most agricultural organic waste used for?

• Answer: b (fertilizing the soil)

Question 21: Which statement provides the best argument for why bird and butterfly wings evolved to have a similar function but differ in structure?

• Answer: c (This is an example of analogous structures, which indicates that they are not closely related even though they perform the same function.)

Question 22: The comparison of which two species BEST supports her claim?

• Answer: c (the unknown species and species IV)

Question 23: Select three processes that can increase the variation of a species.

• Answer: b (selective breeding)
• Answer: c (genetic engineering)
• Answer: e (mutations)

Please note that some answers may require reference to figures or additional context not provided in the questions. Be sure to verify choices based on the available materials you have.