The correct answer is B) the red wave has more energy because it has a greater frequency.
In the context of electromagnetic waves, energy is directly proportional to frequency. Higher frequency waves (which are often represented by shorter wavelengths) carry more energy than lower frequency waves. Therefore, the wave with the higher frequency (in this case, the red wave compared to the blue wave) has more energy.
However, it is important to note that amplitude (related to height) also plays a role in the energy of waves—especially mechanical waves. In some contexts, such as sound waves, a greater amplitude does correspond to greater energy. But for electromagnetic waves, frequency is the key factor.
If the context specifies colors where red corresponds to a lower frequency than blue (in the visible spectrum), it would have to be clarified since, typically, blue waves (higher frequency) would have more energy than red waves. So, look closely at what the question means with "red" and "blue" regarding frequency and context.