The correct choice that describes a positive correlation regarding the increase in peppered moth populations in England during the late 1800s is:
the correlation between air pollution and black moth predation.
During the Industrial Revolution, soot and pollution darkened the trees in industrial areas, which increased the camouflage for the darker (black) peppered moths, leading to a rise in their population as they became less susceptible to predation compared to the lighter (white) moths.