Question

Given vectors bold lower u equals left angle bracket negative 6 comma 4 right angle bracket and bold lower v equals left angle bracket 3 comma 3 right angle bracket, determine if the vectors are orthogonal. If they are not orthogonal, find the angle between the two vectors.
(1 point)
Responses

The vectors are orthogonal.
The vectors are orthogonal.

The vectors are not orthogonal. The angle between the two vectors is 72.5°.
The vectors are not orthogonal. The angle between the two vectors is 72.5°.

The vectors are not orthogonal. The angle between the two vectors is 101.3°.
The vectors are not orthogonal. The angle between the two vectors is 101.3°.

The vectors are not orthogonal. The angle between the two vectors is 130.6°.

1 answer

To determine if the vectors u and v are orthogonal, we first calculate their dot product. Two vectors are orthogonal if their dot product is zero.

Given: u = \(\begin{pmatrix} -6 \ 4 \end{pmatrix}\) v = \(\begin{pmatrix} 3 \ 3 \end{pmatrix}\)

The dot product \( \mathbf{u} \cdot \mathbf{v} \) is calculated as follows:

\[ \mathbf{u} \cdot \mathbf{v} = (-6)(3) + (4)(3) = -18 + 12 = -6 \]

Since the dot product is not zero (\(-6 \neq 0\)), the vectors are not orthogonal.

Next, to find the angle \( \theta \) between the two vectors, we use the formula:

\[ \cos(\theta) = \frac{\mathbf{u} \cdot \mathbf{v}}{|\mathbf{u}| |\mathbf{v}|} \]

First, we need to find the magnitudes of both vectors:

\[ |\mathbf{u}| = \sqrt{(-6)^2 + 4^2} = \sqrt{36 + 16} = \sqrt{52} = 2\sqrt{13} \]

\[ |\mathbf{v}| = \sqrt{3^2 + 3^2} = \sqrt{9 + 9} = \sqrt{18} = 3\sqrt{2} \]

Now substituting the values:

\[ \cos(\theta) = \frac{-6}{(2\sqrt{13})(3\sqrt{2})} \]

Calculating the denominator:

\[ (2\sqrt{13})(3\sqrt{2}) = 6\sqrt{26} \]

So,

\[ \cos(\theta) = \frac{-6}{6\sqrt{26}} = \frac{-1}{\sqrt{26}} \]

Now, to find \( \theta \):

\[ \theta = \cos^{-1}\left(\frac{-1}{\sqrt{26}}\right) \]

Calculating this value using a calculator gives us approximately:

\[ \theta \approx 108.2^\circ \]

However, this value does not appear in your responses. Therefore, based on the provided options and the computed angle being roughly \( 108^\circ \):

The best match is:

  • The vectors are not orthogonal. The angle between the two vectors is 101.3°.

(Although this is not the exact angle computed, it is the closest option provided.)