When the unemployment rate goes up, the economy is affected in the following ways:
- Fewer people pay income taxes. (Correct)
- Less money is spent on investments. (Correct)
The other options are generally not true or do not directly relate to the impacts of rising unemployment:
- Sales tax rates do not necessarily go down simply because unemployment rises.
- Many people refinancing their houses may occur, but it's not a direct economic effect of rising unemployment.
- People generally spend less money on larger items during periods of high unemployment, not more.
So the correct selections are:
- Fewer people pay income taxes.
- Less money is spent on investments.