In writing, specifically in argumentative or persuasive contexts, a writer often presents four key components to substantiate their points:
A) Claims: These are the main points or assertions that the writer is making. Claims are what the writer is trying to convince the reader to accept as true.
B) Evidence: This refers to the data, facts, statistics, anecdotes, or examples that support the claims. Evidence provides the credibility needed to persuade the reader.
C) Reasoning: This is the logical explanation that connects the claims and evidence. It explains why the evidence supports the claim, demonstrating the relationship between the two.
D) Reasons: While similar to claims, reasons are often more specific justifications that underpin the claims. They clarify why a claim is being made and can serve as a bridge to the evidence.
In a strong argumentative piece, each of these elements works together to provide a coherent and compelling argument. Claims state what the author believes, evidence backs those claims up with support, reasoning explains how the evidence and claims are linked, and reasons provide further justification for the claims being made.