The correct answer is:
a) Men worked long hours outside the home in the city instead of working shorter days on a family farm.
During the Industrial Revolution, many working-class men left their rural farming lives for urban jobs, often working long hours in factories under strenuous conditions, which was a significant change from the more flexible, shorter hours typically associated with agricultural work.
Option b is incorrect because women often did work in urban settings, although the types of work and societal expectations changed.
Option c is misleading; while children did work in factories in cities, they also contributed to family farming in rural settings.
Option d is also inaccurate, as men generally transitioned from agricultural work in rural areas to factory work in urban environments, focusing primarily on factory jobs rather than working from home.