The New Hebrides National Party (NHNP) was established in 1971 primarily to advocate for the self-determination and political rights of the indigenous Melanesian population of the New Hebrides, which was a unique condominium territory administered jointly by France and the United Kingdom. The party aimed to address issues such as colonial governance and the socio-economic challenges faced by the local population, ultimately seeking greater autonomy and independence.
The NHNP was led by Father Walter Lini, a prominent figure in the push for independence in the region. Lini later played a significant role in leading Vanuatu, which emerged from the New Hebrides, to independence in 1980.