Tools for Predicting Weather

This activity will help you meet these educational goals:
You will collect data to answer scientific questions or test design solutions under a range of conditions.
Directions
Read the instructions for this self-checked activity. Type in your response to each question, and check your answers. At the end of the activity, write a brief evaluation of your work.

Activity
In this activity, you will visit the National Weather Service website and analyze the weather conditions for an area. Follow these steps to get started:

Go to the National Weather Service website, and select your state.
Click the Observed Weather tab. Under Product, select Daily Climate Report.
Select the town closest to yours from Location.
Alternatively, you can search for your location by following these steps.

Go to the National Weather Service website.
In the Local forecast by City and State window (upper left), type the name of your town. Click Go.
Select the town closest to yours from the list of names to open a new window.
Near the top left, click the link to your local forecast office. Under the forecast office name, click Climate and Past Weather. Then click Local from the menu that appears.
Click the Observed Weather tab. Under Product, select Daily Climate Report.
Select the town closest to yours from Location, and click Most Recent under Timeframe.
Click Go to create the climate data report.
In the report, MM indicates missing data. If the report for your town has too much missing data, choose another town of interest from the menu. Based on the report you get, answer the following questions.

Part A
What is the difference between your town’s minimum and maximum temperatures yesterday? In your answer, list one explanation for why temperature changes during the day.

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Part B
What do you think the Departure from Normal column means, and why is it important for weather scientists in terms of temperature and precipitation? In your answer, explain what conclusions you can draw about your town from this column.

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Part C
This chart describes wind intensity. Find the highest wind speed in your town yesterday in MPH. According to the chart, which level was it? (1 knot is nearly the same as 1 MPH.) Next, look outside and observe the wind. How would you classify the wind right now based on your observations? (Use the Appearance of Wind Effects column in the chart to help you.)

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Part D
Go back to the National Weather Service website and click on a different town and state to get its weather conditions yesterday. How did the conditions compare to the conditions in your town?

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Part E
Why does the weather office have multiple weather stations in a single state within a close distance of each other?

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Self-Evaluation
How did you do? Rate your work on a scale of 1 to 5, with 5 as the highest score. Then write a brief evaluation of your work below. Note what you learned and what challenged you.

1 answer

Part A

What is the difference between your town’s minimum and maximum temperatures yesterday? In your answer, list one explanation for why temperature changes during the day.

Response: The difference between my town’s minimum temperature and maximum temperature yesterday was [insert specific temperature difference, e.g., "15°F"]. One explanation for temperature changes during the day is that as the sun rises, it warms the Earth's surface, which in turn heats the air above it. This process continues throughout the day, reaching a peak when the sun is at its highest point in the sky.

Part B

What do you think the Departure from Normal column means, and why is it important for weather scientists in terms of temperature and precipitation? In your answer, explain what conclusions you can draw about your town from this column.

Response: The Departure from Normal column indicates how much the observed temperature or precipitation deviates from the average values for that date based on historical data. It's important for weather scientists because it helps them understand trends and anomalies, which can indicate changes in climate patterns. For my town, a positive departure in temperature suggests that it was warmer than usual, which may lead to implications for local ecosystems or energy usage.

Part C

This chart describes wind intensity. Find the highest wind speed in your town yesterday in MPH. According to the chart, which level was it? Next, look outside and observe the wind. How would you classify the wind right now based on your observations?

Response: The highest wind speed recorded in my town yesterday was [insert specific speed, e.g., "25 MPH"], which falls into the [insert classification level, e.g., "Gusty" level] according to the chart. Currently, when I look outside, the wind feels [insert observation, e.g., "calm and gentle" or "strong and swaying the trees"], which I would classify as [insert classification, e.g., "Light Breeze" or "Moderate Breeze"] based on the Appearance of Wind Effects column.

Part D

Go back to the National Weather Service website and click on a different town and state to get its weather conditions yesterday. How did the conditions compare to the conditions in your town?

Response: In comparing the conditions of [insert chosen town/state] to my town, I found that the temperatures were [insert comparison, e.g., "similar at a max of 70°F and min of 55°F"], but their wind speed was significantly higher at [insert wind speed, e.g., "35 MPH"], while my town had much lower winds. This indicates that while temperatures were comparable, my town experienced much calmer weather overall.

Part E

Why does the weather office have multiple weather stations in a single state within a close distance of each other?

Response: The weather office has multiple weather stations within a single state to capture localized weather variations. Different areas can experience varying weather conditions due to geographical features, urban development, and microclimates. Having multiple stations ensures accurate and precise data collection, allowing scientists and meteorologists to provide more reliable forecasts and warnings tailored to each location.


Self-Evaluation

Score: [insert rating, e.g., "4"]

In this activity, I believe I did well in gathering and analyzing the weather data from my local area and comparing it with another location. I learned how to interpret weather reports and what different terms and measurements mean in a forecasting context. The most challenging part was understanding some of the terminology associated with wind intensity and precipitation, but this activity helped clarify these concepts. Overall, I feel more confident in my ability to analyze weather data moving forward.