Question 1: The correct answer is Political Machines. During the time period studied, political machines were significant contributors to corruption in government. They operated by manipulating votes, facilitating bribery, and maintaining control over local politicians, which often led to widespread corruption.
Question 2: The correct answer is Muckrakers. Muckrakers were investigative journalists who uncovered and highlighted corruption, social injustices, and abuses of power in government and various industries during the Progressive Era. They played a key role in bringing these issues to public attention.