Question 1:
Correct Answer: New immigrants came from southern and eastern Europe and had different religious and cultural backgrounds.
Explanation: The key difference in the context of the late 1800s was that "old immigrants," who primarily came from northern and western Europe, were often Protestant and assimilated more easily into American society, while "new immigrants" from southern and eastern Europe included many Catholics and Jews, leading to different cultural and religious dynamics.
Question 2:
Correct Answer: They feared immigrants would take jobs and harm American culture.
Explanation: Many Americans opposed new immigrants for various reasons; a primary concern was the belief that immigrants would compete for jobs and potentially disrupt the existing cultural landscape, which they viewed as a threat to American identity.