Julieta has been in the car with her family on a road trip for the past three hours. For the first hour, they went about 55 mph. Then, the speed limit changed and they started going about 70 mph. They are still going 70 mph.

Create a piecewise function that models the distance Julieta's family has
traveled over time.

1 answer

To create a piecewise function that models the distance traveled by Julieta's family over time, we can break down the trip into two intervals based on their speed:

  1. First interval (0 to 1 hour): For the first hour, they travel at a speed of 55 mph.
  2. Second interval (1 to 3 hours): For the next two hours (from 1 hour to 3 hours), they travel at a speed of 70 mph.

Let's denote the distance \( D(t) \), where \( t \) is the time in hours.

Piecewise Function

The piecewise function can be defined as follows:

\[ D(t) = \begin{cases} 55t & \text{for } 0 \leq t < 1 \ 55 + 70(t - 1) & \text{for } 1 \leq t \leq 3 \end{cases} \]

Explanation

  1. For \( 0 \leq t < 1 \):

    • The distance \( D(t) \) is calculated using the formula \( D(t) = 55t \), where \( t \) is the time in hours.
    • Here, for every hour, they travel 55 miles.
  2. For \( 1 \leq t \leq 3 \):

    • At \( t = 1 \), they have already traveled \( D(1) = 55 \times 1 = 55 \) miles.
    • For \( t \) from 1 to 3, they continue traveling at 70 mph. The distance for this interval is calculated as: \[ D(t) = 55 + 70(t - 1) \]
    • Here, \( t - 1 \) represents the time traveled since the second speed started (from hour 1 to hour \( t \)).

Final Function

Now, we can simplify the second part of the piecewise function:

\[ D(t) = \begin{cases} 55t & \text{for } 0 \leq t < 1 \ 55 + 70(t - 1) & \text{for } 1 \leq t \leq 3 \end{cases} \]

For the second case:

  • Simplifying \( 55 + 70(t - 1) \): \[ D(t) = 55 + 70t - 70 = 70t - 15 \text{ for } 1 \leq t \leq 3 \]

Thus, the final piecewise function is:

\[ D(t) = \begin{cases} 55t & \text{for } 0 \leq t < 1 \ 70t - 15 & \text{for } 1 \leq t \leq 3 \end{cases} \]

This function accurately models the distance traveled by Julieta's family over time during their road trip.