Here are the answers to your questions:
Question 1:
What prompted the demand for maps and travel guides in Islamic countries after AD 632?
Answer: increasing trade with the Europeans
Question 2:
What are the primary elements that make up the Earth's atmosphere?
Answer: nitrogen, oxygen, and argon
Question 3:
What economic system is characterized by an exchange of one product for another?
Answer: barter
Question 4:
According to the theory of continental drift, what was the original state of the world's continents?
Answer: The continents were joined into one landmass known as Pangaea.
Question 5:
Which is considered one of the greatest threats to folk cultures around the world?
Answer: popular culture
Question 6:
What is the difference between immigration and emigration?
Answer: Emigration means to permanently leave one area or country; immigration means to permanently relocate to another area or country.
Question 7:
One-third of the planet's land area is used for what purpose?
Answer: agriculture
Question 8:
How did the foundation of economies change with the onset of the Industrial Revolution?
Answer: Economies shifted from being based on manual labor to being driven by mass production.
Question 9:
is defined as all of the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior patterns shared and transmitted by members of a society.
Answer: Culture
Question 10:
Which country is responsible for spawning the Industrial Revolution?
Answer: Great Britain
Question 11:
How are race and ethnicity different from one another?
Answer: Ethnicity is cultural identification with a particular place or group, whereas race is based on biological ancestry.
Question 12:
One of the two main sects of Islam is
Answer: Sunni.
Question 13:
Passing through 13 European countries, the second-largest river in Europe.
Answer: Danube
Feel free to ask if you need further information or clarification on any of these topics!