Title: Chewing Betel Nut Among University of Goroka Students in Eastern Highlands Province
Methodology
1. Introduction: This research seeks to analyze the prevalence, attitudes, and health implications associated with the consumption of betel nut among students at the University of Goroka. Its findings will contribute to the understanding of cultural practices and inform public health strategies.
2. Sampling: A stratified sampling method will be employed to ensure representation across different faculties and demographic backgrounds. The sample will include approximately 300 students, selected randomly from various disciplines to reflect the diversity of the university population. Stratification factors may include age, gender, year of study, and socio-economic background.
3. Quantitative Method: This study will use a quantitative research approach, focusing on collecting numerical data that can be statistically analyzed. A structured questionnaire will be developed to gather information regarding:
- Frequency and quantity of betel nut consumption
- Attitudes and perceptions toward betel nut chewing
- Awareness of health risks associated with betel nut use
- Demographic information (age, gender, socio-economic status)
4. Testing and Adjusting the Data Collecting Tool: Before full-scale data collection, a pilot test of the questionnaire will be conducted with a small group of 30 students to identify any ambiguities and ensure clarity in questions. Feedback from the pilot study will be analyzed to refine and adjust the tool for reliability and validity. This ensures that the questions effectively capture the needed data and minimizes bias.
5. Data Analysis: Once the data is collected, it will be analyzed using statistical software (e.g., SPSS or R). Descriptive statistics (mean, median, mode) will summarize demographic information and consumption patterns, while inferential statistics (Chi-square tests, t-tests) will explore relationships between variables, such as consumption frequency and health awareness. The data will also be presented using charts and graphs for visual interpretation.
6. Time Frame: The research is projected to be completed over a six-month period, divided into the following phases:
- Month 1: Literature review and development of the research instrument.
- Month 2: Pilot testing and adjustments to the data collection tool.
- Month 3-4: Data collection, including administering questionnaires and follow-ups.
- Month 5: Data analysis and interpretation of results.
- Month 6: Compilation of the research report and presentation of findings.
7. Budget: A detailed budget will be prepared, covering:
- Questionnaire Development and Printing: $200
- Pilot Testing (including refreshments for participants): $100
- Data Collection (transportation and incentives for participants): $300
- Data Analysis Software Licensing: $250
- Report Writing and Presentation Materials: $150
- Miscellaneous Expenses (e.g., communication, stationery): $100
Total Budget: $1,100
8. Research Report: Upon completion of the analysis, a comprehensive research report will be prepared. The report will include the following sections:
- Introduction: Background and rationale for the study
- Methodology: Detailed explanation of the methods used
- Results: Presentation of findings with statistical support
- Discussion: Interpretation of results in relation to existing literature
- Conclusion and Recommendations: Summative insights and actionable suggestions for stakeholders, including health authorities and university administration.
- References: A complete list of sources cited in the report.
By following this methodology, the study aims to provide valuable insights into the cultural practice of betel nut chewing and its impacts on the health and well-being of University of Goroka students, ultimately serving as a foundation for future health interventions and policies.