Question

Biotechnology and Agriculture Genetically-Modified Organisms (GMOs) are currently being developed for agricultural use and are an integral part of the green revolution: an attempt to provide food for the global population. Currently commercialized GM crops in the U.S. include soy (94%), cotton (90%), canola (90%), sugar beets (95%), corn (88%), and Hawaiian papaya (more than 50%). The use of GMO crops can reduce agricultural costs to farmers and provide greater crop-yields, helping with issues of global food shortages. Although this sounds wonderful, there is still a lot of controversy around the use of GMOs. Question 1 Which of these is a valid argument on why we should not rely heavily on GMOs in agriculture? Responses A GMO crops are more expensive to produce and buy.GMO crops are more expensive to produce and buy. B GMOs have reduced nutritional value compared to traditional crops.GMOs have reduced nutritional value compared to traditional crops. C there is not enough research on long-term effects of consuming GMOs.there is not enough research on long-term effects of consuming GMOs. D GMO crops become invasive and take over the habitat of indigenous crops.GMO crops become invasive and take over the habitat of indigenous crops. Question 2 According to the World Resource Institute, biodiversity is the variety of the world's organisms, including their genetic diversity. In a world of genetically modified (GM) crops, agriculture is greatly reducing the genetic diversity of the plants on Earth. By ignoring genetic diversity, while we develop GM products, we run several risks that include ALL BUT ONE listed here. Responses A reduced biodiversity of important food crops.reduced biodiversity of important food crops. B the extinction of many native or indigenous crops.the extinction of many native or indigenous crops. C a disease or pest emerging that will wipe out the GMOs.a disease or pest emerging that will wipe out the GMOs. D increase production while reducing environmental impacts.

Answer 1

**Question 1:** The most valid argument on why we should not rely heavily on GMOs in agriculture is:

**C. there is not enough research on long-term effects of consuming GMOs.**

While other options present concerns, many GMO crops have been shown to be cost-effective and beneficial in terms of yield, and not all GMO crops necessarily become invasive or have reduced nutritional value compared to traditional crops.

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**Question 2:** According to the risks associated with reduced genetic diversity in agriculture alongside the development of GM products, the one that is NOT a risk is:

**D. increase production while reducing environmental impacts.**

This statement does not align with the risks mentioned because it suggests a positive outcome (increased production with reduced impacts) rather than a risk related to reduced genetic diversity. The other options (A, B, and C) correctly point out potential risks related to the loss of genetic diversity in agricultural practices involving GM crops.