Book Preference

Music Preference Likes Books Dislikes Books Total
Likes Music 46 56 102
Dislikes Music 68 30 98
Total 114 86 200
Let event A be a person who does not like books and event B be a person who likes music. Are the two events independent?

(1 point)
Responses

Yes, because P(A and B)=P(A)⋅P(B).
Yes, because P(A and B)=P(A)⋅P(B).

No, because P(A)≠P(B).
No, because P(A)≠P(B).

Yes, because P(A and B)=56200.
Yes, because P(A and B)=56200.

No, because P(A)=86200, P(B)=102200, and P(A and B)≠56200.
No, because P(A)=86200, P(B)=102200, and P(A and B)≠56200.

1 answer

To determine whether events \( A \) (does not like books) and \( B \) (likes music) are independent, we can use the definitions and formulas involving probabilities.

Given data:

  • Total number of people = 200
  • The number of people who dislike books (event \( A \)) = 86
  • The number of people who like music (event \( B \)) = 102
  • The number of people who dislike books and like music (event \( A \) and \( B \)) = 56

Calculating probabilities:

  1. P(A): Probability of a person not liking books. \[ P(A) = \frac{\text{Number of people who dislike books}}{\text{Total number of people}} = \frac{86}{200} = 0.43 \]

  2. P(B): Probability of a person liking music. \[ P(B) = \frac{\text{Number of people who like music}}{\text{Total number of people}} = \frac{102}{200} = 0.51 \]

  3. P(A and B): Probability of a person who dislikes books and likes music. \[ P(A \text{ and } B) = \frac{\text{Number of people who dislike books and like music}}{\text{Total number of people}} = \frac{56}{200} = 0.28 \]

Testing for independence:

Events \( A \) and \( B \) are independent if: \[ P(A \text{ and } B) = P(A) \cdot P(B) \]

Calculating \( P(A) \cdot P(B) \): \[ P(A) \cdot P(B) = 0.43 \cdot 0.51 = 0.2193 \]

Comparing:

  • \( P(A \text{ and } B) = 0.28 \)
  • \( P(A) \cdot P(B) = 0.2193 \)

Since \( P(A \text{ and } B) \neq P(A) \cdot P(B) \), the events are not independent.

Conclusion:

  • The correct response is: No, because \( P(A) \neq P(B) \) (translation implies not independent).

Final Response: No, because P(A)≠P(B).