The equation \( y = 3\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^x \) represents exponential decay.
In this equation:
- The base of the exponent is \(\frac{1}{2}\), which is less than 1.
- When the base of an exponent is between 0 and 1, the function decreases as \( x \) increases, which indicates decay.
As \( x \) increases, \( \left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^x \) will get smaller and approach 0, leading to a decay in the value of \( y \).
So, \( y = 3\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^x \) describes exponential decay.