Da capo arias were written

Question

With dance rhythms such as gigue
With alternating ripieno and concertino sections
With lengthy cadenzas
In ternary form

Answer 1

Da capo arias are indeed characterized by a few key features that align with your statements, particularly in the context of Baroque music. Let's break down the main points regarding da capo arias:

1. Ternary Form: Da capo arias are structured in an ABA form, which is considered a type of ternary form. The 'A' section presents a theme, the 'B' section contrasts with a different theme or mood, and the return to 'A' often features embellishments or variations. This allows for expressive display and vocal improvisation.

2. Dance Rhythms: Many da capo arias incorporate dance rhythms common in the Baroque period, such as the gigue, courante, and sarabande. These rhythms helped to create lively and engaging musical expressions.

3. Ripieno and Concertino Sections: In the context of aria, 'ripieno' refers to the full ensemble sound, while 'concertino' refers to the smaller group of soloist(s). While this is more characteristic of concerto grosso compositions, da capo arias can sometimes feature similar contrasts between solo voice and orchestral accompaniment.

4. Lengthy Cadenzas: While not a defining feature of all da capo arias, the return of the 'A' section can often be embellished with complex ornamentation or cadenzas, showcasing the singer's skill and allowing for vocal improvisation.

Overall, da capo arias are an essential part of the Baroque musical landscape, exhibiting the interplay of structure, rhythm, and expressiveness typical of the era.