The theory of history seeks to provide frameworks for understanding how historical events, processes, and contexts shape human societies over time. One of its primary goals is to analyze the underlying causes and effects of historical phenomena, thus enabling a deeper comprehension of both individual and collective human experiences. By examining different historiographical approaches—such as Marxist, Annales, and postcolonial perspectives—this theory facilitates comparative analyses and encourages critical thinking about the narratives constructed around historical events. In doing so, it helps illuminate the complexities and multifaceted nature of the past, revealing how power dynamics, cultural influences, and socio-economic structures have evolved.
Moreover, the theory of history contributes to our understanding of the past by situating it within larger philosophical and methodological frameworks. It encourages historians to engage with questions of causation, agency, and representation, fostering a dialogue about how history is recorded and interpreted. This engagement not only aids in uncovering marginalized voices but also challenges dominant narratives, thereby allowing for a more inclusive history. As a result, the theory of history is essential for developing a nuanced understanding of how past events resonate in contemporary societies and influence future trajectories (Hobsbawm, E. J. (1997). On History. New York: New Press; Carr, E. H. (1961). What Is History? New York: Vintage Books).