Question 7
A) The evidence and explanation that show how the historical setting contributes to the effect of personification in the passage are as follows:
The passage begins with the description of people moving in the hot garden: "Thus one couple after another with much the same irregular and aimless movement passed the flower-bed and were enveloped in layer after layer of green blue vapour." This imagery suggests how the heat of the environment affects the movement of individuals, likening their slow, almost dreamlike behavior to the thick atmosphere. The historical context of a hot summer day contributes to this portrayal, as weather conditions during that time often influenced social activities.
Moreover, the line "But there was no silence; all the time the motor omnibuses were turning their wheels and changing their gear; like a vast nest of Chinese boxes all of wrought steel turning ceaselessly one within another the city murmured;" evokes a bustling, lively environment. Here, the city is described as "murmuring," which personifies it with human-like qualities, creating a vivid connection between the historical setting of urban life and the lively atmosphere of the park.
The mention of the aeroplane, "and in the drone of the aeroplane the voice of the summer sky murmured its fierce soul," adds to the personification as it gives the summer sky a "voice," reflecting both the technological advancements of the time and the intense heat of summer. This emphasizes how the external environment contributes to the emotional undertones of the scene.
Question 8
A) The context of a story is defined as the setting or background. This includes the social, historical, and cultural environment in which the events of the narrative take place, thereby providing essential information that aids in understanding the characters, plot, and themes.
Question 10
A) The case in which a character's actions challenge cultural norms is: Molly takes over the cannon after her husband dies. In the context of 18th-century society, where gender roles typically confined women to supportive roles, Molly's participation in battle and taking on a cannon defies these norms and highlights her strength and bravery.