To evaluate which statement is true, we first need to compute the experimental probability that a person is right-handed based on the survey results.
From the survey:
- Total participants = 300
- Participants reporting as right-handed = 270
- Participants reporting as left-handed = 30
The experimental probability \( P(\text{right-handed}) \) is calculated as follows:
\[ P(\text{right-handed}) = \frac{\text{Number of right-handed participants}}{\text{Total number of participants}} = \frac{270}{300} = 0.9 \]
This means that 90% of the surveyed participants reported being right-handed.
Next, we consider the theoretical probability of being right-handed, which varies based on demographic information. It is often estimated that around 90% of the population is right-handed, but this can vary slightly depending on the particular demographic being surveyed.
However, without specific population demographic data, we cannot define a concrete theoretical probability, but if we were to use a general estimation that about 90% of the population is right-handed, we determine:
- Experimental probability \(P(\text{right-handed}) = 0.9\)
- Theoretical probability (estimated) \(P(\text{right-handed}) \approx 0.9\)
Now we can examine the statements:
-
The experimental probability that a person is right-handed is less than the theoretical probability. (This would be true if the theoretical probability was greater than 0.9, but it's estimated to be around 0.9.)
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The experimental probability that a person is right-handed is equal to the theoretical probability. (If we assume the theoretical probability is approximately 0.9, then this statement could be seen as valid.)
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The experimental probability that a person is right-handed is 50. (This statement is false, since we calculated it as 0.9.)
-
The experimental probability that a person is right-handed is greater than the theoretical probability. (This statement can only be true if the theoretical probability is less than 0.9, which generally may not be the case depending on the demographic.)
Given the typical estimates that around 90% of people are right-handed, the most accurate statement is:
The experimental probability that a person is right-handed is equal to the theoretical probability.