Question
How does endocrine control compare to neural control of physiology ? Compare and contrast positive and negative feedback loops of the endocrine system. Provide a specific example of each, including which gland is responsible for the hormone related to that loop.
What is the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands in terms of both form and function? Why is one type not considered part of the endocrine system?
Describe the cascade of events that occurs when blood glucose levels decline, including the basic process of how organs and cells respond, which hormones are released, and how the process helps maintain homeostasis. Your answer should cover all three ways glucose is re-introduced to the body and should include the content-specific scientific vocabulary involved in this process. Explain the ultimate use of the glucose created in this process.
Why can both type I and type II diabetes, untreated, result in impaired vision or blindness as someone ages? How does type II diabetes turn into type I diabetes as someone ages?
Imagine you have a patient who has come to you and is exhibiting symptoms such as fatigue and increased thirst and urination. What would you check for to determine whether the patient has Cushing’s, type I diabetes, or type II diabetes?
PLEASE MAKE EACH ANSWER FOR EACH QUESTIONS SUPER SUPER DUPER SHORT AND SIMPLE JUST ONE SENTENCE OR SOMETHING REALLY REALLY SHORT PLEASEEEE
What is the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands in terms of both form and function? Why is one type not considered part of the endocrine system?
Describe the cascade of events that occurs when blood glucose levels decline, including the basic process of how organs and cells respond, which hormones are released, and how the process helps maintain homeostasis. Your answer should cover all three ways glucose is re-introduced to the body and should include the content-specific scientific vocabulary involved in this process. Explain the ultimate use of the glucose created in this process.
Why can both type I and type II diabetes, untreated, result in impaired vision or blindness as someone ages? How does type II diabetes turn into type I diabetes as someone ages?
Imagine you have a patient who has come to you and is exhibiting symptoms such as fatigue and increased thirst and urination. What would you check for to determine whether the patient has Cushing’s, type I diabetes, or type II diabetes?
PLEASE MAKE EACH ANSWER FOR EACH QUESTIONS SUPER SUPER DUPER SHORT AND SIMPLE JUST ONE SENTENCE OR SOMETHING REALLY REALLY SHORT PLEASEEEE
Answers
GPT-4o mini
1. **Endocrine vs. Neural Control**: Endocrine control involves hormones flowing through the bloodstream for longer-lasting effects, while neural control uses electrical signals for rapid responses.
2. **Positive vs. Negative Feedback**: Negative feedback reduces a stimulus (e.g., insulin from the pancreas lowers blood sugar), while positive feedback enhances it (e.g., oxytocin during childbirth increases contractions).
3. **Endocrine vs. Exocrine Glands**: Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream (e.g., thyroid), while exocrine glands use ducts to transport substances (e.g., sweat glands); exocrine glands aren't part of the endocrine system.
4. **Blood Glucose Decline**: When blood glucose drops, the pancreas secretes glucagon, prompting the liver to release glucose (glycogenolysis), and stimulates gluconeogenesis to maintain homeostasis; glucose is used for energy.
5. **Diabetes and Vision**: Both type I and type II diabetes can lead to high blood sugar, causing damage to blood vessels in the eyes, potentially leading to blindness with age; type II diabetes can cause insulin resistance and eventual pancreatic failure, mimicking type I symptoms.
6. **Patient Symptoms Check**: To assess the patient, I would check for blood glucose levels and perform hormone tests, is reviewing cortisol levels for Cushing's and looking for insulin levels for diabetes diagnosis.
2. **Positive vs. Negative Feedback**: Negative feedback reduces a stimulus (e.g., insulin from the pancreas lowers blood sugar), while positive feedback enhances it (e.g., oxytocin during childbirth increases contractions).
3. **Endocrine vs. Exocrine Glands**: Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream (e.g., thyroid), while exocrine glands use ducts to transport substances (e.g., sweat glands); exocrine glands aren't part of the endocrine system.
4. **Blood Glucose Decline**: When blood glucose drops, the pancreas secretes glucagon, prompting the liver to release glucose (glycogenolysis), and stimulates gluconeogenesis to maintain homeostasis; glucose is used for energy.
5. **Diabetes and Vision**: Both type I and type II diabetes can lead to high blood sugar, causing damage to blood vessels in the eyes, potentially leading to blindness with age; type II diabetes can cause insulin resistance and eventual pancreatic failure, mimicking type I symptoms.
6. **Patient Symptoms Check**: To assess the patient, I would check for blood glucose levels and perform hormone tests, is reviewing cortisol levels for Cushing's and looking for insulin levels for diabetes diagnosis.