In 3-5 sentences, explain the difference between independent and dependent events when calculating conditional probability, and provide an example of dependent events. (4 points)

Answer 1

Independent events are those where the occurrence of one event does not affect the probability of the other occurring; for instance, flipping a coin and rolling a die are independent events. In contrast, dependent events are those where the occurrence of one event influences the probability of the other event happening. An example of dependent events is drawing two cards from a standard deck without replacement; the outcome of the first draw affects the composition of the deck for the second draw, thereby altering the probabilities associated with the second event.