a. F2: F2 molecules are held together by London dispersion forces, which are temporary attractive forces caused by the movement of electrons. In F2, the electron cloud is not evenly distributed around each atom, leading to temporary dipoles that induce dipoles in neighboring molecules.
b. Cl2: Similar to F2, Cl2 molecules are also held together by London dispersion forces. The larger the atoms, the larger the electron cloud, resulting in stronger London dispersion forces.
c. Water molecules: Water molecules are held together by hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonding is a type of intermolecular force that occurs when a hydrogen atom is covalently bonded to an electronegative atom (such as oxygen or nitrogen) and is attracted to another electronegative atom in a neighboring molecule. In water, the positive hydrogen atoms are attracted to the negative oxygen atoms of neighboring water molecules, forming relatively strong hydrogen bonds.
4. What type of intermolecular force is found between:
a. F2
b. Cl2
c. water molecules?
1 answer
1 answer