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Atoms and molecules have the least kinetic energy in a d) solid state of matter. In solids, the particles are closely packed together and vibrate in place, but they do not move around freely as in liquids or gases.
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To find the planet on which a person with a mass of 35.0 kg weighs 343 N, we use the formula for weight:
\[ \text{Weight} = \text{mass} \times \text{acceleration due to gravity} \]
Rearranging the formula gives us:
\[ \text{acceleration due to gravity} = \frac{\text{Weight}}{\text{mass}} \]
Substituting the values:
\[ \text{acceleration due to gravity} = \frac{343 , \text{N}}{35.0 , \text{kg}} \approx 9.8 , \text{m/s}^2 \]
Now, we can compare this value with the acceleration due to gravity on the different planets:
- Mercury: 3.59 m/s²
- Venus: 8.87 m/s²
- Earth: 9.81 m/s²
- Mars: 3.77 m/s²
The acceleration due to gravity closest to 9.8 m/s² corresponds to C) Earth.