4.4 Why is fair trade so important to developing countries? (1 x 2) (2)

Question

4.5 Export-led development is encouraged between LEDC’s and MEDC’s.
Explain the advantages of export-led development for the development of
LEDCs. (3 x 2) (6)
4.6 State how development can negatively impact the world’s oceans.
(1 x 2) (2)
[15]
QUESTION 5
Khayelitsha Garden Cities, Cape Town
Khayelitsha, a township in Cape Town, faces challenges such as
unemployment, inadequate housing, and limited access to green spaces. In
response, local residents, with support from NGOs and local government,
initiated the Khayelitsha Garden Cities project in 2015.
Residents identified vacant lots and unused spaces within the township and
transformed them into community gardens. These gardens serve multiple
purposes: providing fresh produce for residents, creating gathering spaces,
and promoting environmental sustainability through composting and water
conservation techniques.
The project brought together local residents, NGOs specialising in urban
agriculture and government representatives. Community members received
training in gardening techniques and sustainable practices, empowering them
to take ownership of the initiative. Some members started selling the surplus
produce, earning an income.
5.1 Classify the food gardens referred to in the extract as rural or urban
community development. (1 x 2) (2)
5.2 List three challenges, as mentioned in the case study, faced by the
community members of Khayelitsha. (3 x 1) (3)
5.3 Explain the positive impacts of the development of the community
gardens on the people of Khayelitsha. (3 x 2) (6)
8

Answer 1

Question 4

4.4 Why is fair trade so important to developing countries? (1 x 2) (2)
Fair trade is important to developing countries because it ensures that producers receive fair wages for their products, which contributes to their economic stability and the reduction of poverty. Additionally, fair trade promotes sustainable practices and empowers communities by supporting local development initiatives.

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4.5 Export-led development is encouraged between LEDC’s and MEDC’s. Explain the advantages of export-led development for the development of LEDCs. (3 x 2) (6)

1. Increased Revenue: Export-led development provides LEDCs with a significant source of income, as selling goods to MEDCs can generate foreign currency, which can then be reinvested in local economies and infrastructure.

2. Job Creation: Expanding export markets often leads to the establishment of new industries and opportunities, creating jobs for the local population and reducing unemployment rates.

3. Technology Transfer and Skills Development: As LEDCs engage in export-led development, they often gain access to new technologies and training from MEDCs, which can improve local production methods and enhance the skills of the workforce.

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4.6 State how development can negatively impact the world’s oceans. (1 x 2) (2)
Development can negatively impact the world's oceans through pollution, as increased industrial activity and urbanization lead to the discharge of contaminants and waste into marine environments. Additionally, habitat destruction from coastal development and overfishing can threaten marine biodiversity and deplete fish stocks.

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Question 5

5.1 Classify the food gardens referred to in the extract as rural or urban community development. (1 x 2) (2)
The food gardens referred to in the extract can be classified as urban community development since they are located in Khayelitsha, a township within Cape Town.

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5.2 List three challenges, as mentioned in the case study, faced by the community members of Khayelitsha. (3 x 1) (3)

1. Unemployment
2. Inadequate housing
3. Limited access to green spaces

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5.3 Explain the positive impacts of the development of the community gardens on the people of Khayelitsha. (3 x 2) (6)

1. Improved Food Security: The community gardens provide residents with access to fresh produce, which helps improve their diet and overall health, addressing concerns of food insecurity in the area.

2. Community Cohesion and Empowerment: The project fosters a sense of community among residents, as they work together to transform vacant spaces. It also empowers individuals through training and involvement, leading to increased self-esteem and social engagement.

3. Economic Opportunities: Some community members are able to sell surplus produce from the gardens, generating income that can be used to support their families and improve their quality of life, thus contributing to the local economy.