Here are the answers to your questions:
Question 1: Which term is described as a shelf of undersea land reaching a depth of about 200 meters (656 feet) and extending out from the shoreline?
Answer: continental shelf
Question 2: Which term is described as a seamount with a flattened top?
Answer: guyots
Question 3: Where would you expect to find lava solidifying into basalt?
Answer: at the center of the mid-ocean ridge
Question 4: Iron-rich minerals in rock pointed in one direction and then switched to the exact opposite direction. This supports what idea?
Answer: Earth's magnetic field goes through pole reversals.
Question 5: The magnetic quality of ancient rocks is called _________.
Answer: paleomagnetism
Feel free to ask if you have more questions!