For both of your statements:
-
Association indicates causation.
- False. Association (or correlation) between two variables does not imply that one causes the other; they could both be influenced by a third variable or could be coincidental.
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Correlation indicates causation and vice versa.
- False. While correlation indicates a relationship between two variables, it does not mean that one causes the other. Causation refers to a specific relationship where one event is the result of the occurrence of the other event. Correlation can exist without causation, and causation does not necessarily imply correlation in every scenario.
So, the answers are:
- False
- False