Question

Give examples of several forms of bias. Select all that apply.
A.
An experiment that is not blinded
B.
A​ double-blind experiment
C.
A​ non-representative sample
D.
The placebo effect
E.
A researcher with a personal stake in the outcome distorts the true meaning of data.
F.
Simple random sampling

Answer 1

The forms of bias among the options presented are:

A. An experiment that is not blinded - This introduces potential bias, as participants or researchers may influence results based on their knowledge of which group participants are in.

C. A non-representative sample - This leads to bias because the sample does not accurately reflect the population, affecting the generalizability of the results.

D. The placebo effect - Although often discussed in the context of experiment outcomes, it can introduce bias in interpreting the effects of the intervention versus the psychological effects of expecting treatment to work.

E. A researcher with a personal stake in the outcome distorts the true meaning of data - This is a clear example of bias, as personal interests can skew the interpretation of findings.

So, the correct selections for forms of bias are A, C, D, and E.

B (A double-blind experiment) and F (Simple random sampling) are methodologies designed to reduce bias, rather than examples of bias themselves.