How did Rockefeller and Carnegie use “vertical integration” to their advantage?

a
they spread their wealth out to several outside businesses, thus supporting the local community
b
rather than pay other producers to supply the materials needed, they made what they needed itself
c
they bid out their supply needs to the lowest bidder, allowing others to provide the supplies
d
they worked together to gain access to the cheapest materials for the production of their goods

1 answer

The correct answer is:

b they made what they needed itself.

Vertical integration allowed Rockefeller and Carnegie to control every aspect of their production processes, from raw materials to finished products, which reduced costs and increased efficiency. This strategy enabled them to eliminate intermediaries and maximize profits.