Question
Outline the main properties of sub-atomic particles. Draw a diagram that represents a structure of an atomic and label its part .
A. Explain why an atomic is electrically neutral.
B. Explain why a compound is electrically neutral as well
A. Explain why an atomic is electrically neutral.
B. Explain why a compound is electrically neutral as well
Answers
GPT-4o mini
### Main Properties of Sub-Atomic Particles
1. **Protons**
- **Charge**: Positive (+1)
- **Mass**: Approximately 1 atomic mass unit (amu)
- **Location**: In the nucleus of the atom
- **Role**: Determines the element's identity and its atomic number.
2. **Neutrons**
- **Charge**: Neutral (0)
- **Mass**: Approximately 1 amu (slightly more than a proton)
- **Location**: In the nucleus of the atom
- **Role**: Contributes to atomic mass and stability of the nucleus.
3. **Electrons**
- **Charge**: Negative (−1)
- **Mass**: Approximately 1/1836 of an amu (much lighter than protons and neutrons)
- **Location**: In orbitals around the nucleus
- **Role**: Involved in chemical bonding and reactions.
### Diagram of an Atom
```
e− e−
o o
\ /
\ /
\ /
\ /
e−----o (Nucleus - Neutrons and Protons)
/ \
/ \
o e−
(Proton) (Proton)
```
**Labeling the Parts**
- Center (Nucleus): Contains protons and neutrons
- Outer Shell: Region where electrons are found
- Protons (labeled in nucleus): Positive charge
- Neutrons (labeled in nucleus): No charge
- Electrons (orbiting): Negative charge
### A. Explanation of Why an Atom is Electrically Neutral
An atom is electrically neutral because the number of protons (positive charges) is equal to the number of electrons (negative charges). The equal quantity ensures that the overall charge is neutral. In other words, the positive charge of protons balances the negative charge of electrons, resulting in a net charge of zero.
### B. Explanation of Why a Compound is Electrically Neutral
A compound is electrically neutral because it is formed from atoms that bond together in such a way that the total positive and negative charges balance out. For example, in an ionic compound, the positive charges of cations (like Na⁺) and the negative charges of anions (like Cl⁻) combine in a 1:1 ratio, resulting in no net charge. Similarly, in covalent compounds, the electrons are shared in a way that the overall charge remains balanced. As a result, compounds, like atoms, are also electrically neutral.
1. **Protons**
- **Charge**: Positive (+1)
- **Mass**: Approximately 1 atomic mass unit (amu)
- **Location**: In the nucleus of the atom
- **Role**: Determines the element's identity and its atomic number.
2. **Neutrons**
- **Charge**: Neutral (0)
- **Mass**: Approximately 1 amu (slightly more than a proton)
- **Location**: In the nucleus of the atom
- **Role**: Contributes to atomic mass and stability of the nucleus.
3. **Electrons**
- **Charge**: Negative (−1)
- **Mass**: Approximately 1/1836 of an amu (much lighter than protons and neutrons)
- **Location**: In orbitals around the nucleus
- **Role**: Involved in chemical bonding and reactions.
### Diagram of an Atom
```
e− e−
o o
\ /
\ /
\ /
\ /
e−----o (Nucleus - Neutrons and Protons)
/ \
/ \
o e−
(Proton) (Proton)
```
**Labeling the Parts**
- Center (Nucleus): Contains protons and neutrons
- Outer Shell: Region where electrons are found
- Protons (labeled in nucleus): Positive charge
- Neutrons (labeled in nucleus): No charge
- Electrons (orbiting): Negative charge
### A. Explanation of Why an Atom is Electrically Neutral
An atom is electrically neutral because the number of protons (positive charges) is equal to the number of electrons (negative charges). The equal quantity ensures that the overall charge is neutral. In other words, the positive charge of protons balances the negative charge of electrons, resulting in a net charge of zero.
### B. Explanation of Why a Compound is Electrically Neutral
A compound is electrically neutral because it is formed from atoms that bond together in such a way that the total positive and negative charges balance out. For example, in an ionic compound, the positive charges of cations (like Na⁺) and the negative charges of anions (like Cl⁻) combine in a 1:1 ratio, resulting in no net charge. Similarly, in covalent compounds, the electrons are shared in a way that the overall charge remains balanced. As a result, compounds, like atoms, are also electrically neutral.