The terms "compound" and "mixture" refer to different types of substance combinations in chemistry:
Compound:
- A compound is a substance formed when two or more elements chemically bond together in a fixed ratio. The properties of a compound differ from those of its constituent elements, and it has a specific formula that represents the ratio of the elements.
- Example: Water (H₂O) is a compound made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom chemically bonded together.
Mixture:
- A mixture, on the other hand, is a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded. The components in a mixture maintain their individual properties and can be present in any ratio. Mixtures can be homogeneous (uniform composition) or heterogeneous (distinct, separate parts).
- Example: Saltwater is a mixture of salt (sodium chloride) and water. The salt and water retain their individual properties and can be separated by evaporation.
In summary, compounds involve a chemical change and a fixed composition, while mixtures involve physical combinations without chemical changes.