Fe₂O₃ is the chemical formula for iron(III) oxide, commonly known as ferric oxide. It is a reddish-brown compound that occurs naturally as the mineral hematite, which is an important ore of iron. Iron(III) oxide can also be produced synthetically and is used in various applications, including:
- Pigments: It is used as a pigment in coatings, plastics, and cosmetics due to its stability and non-toxicity.
- Ceramics: It is used in ceramic materials and glazes.
- Catalysts: Iron(III) oxide is used as a catalyst in some chemical processes.
- Magnetic Materials: It is used in the production of magnetic materials and some types of magnetic recordings.
In addition to its industrial uses, Fe₂O₃ is also studied in various scientific fields, including materials science and geology. When heated, it can react with carbon or other reducing agents to produce iron, which is the basis for steel production.